On Forty - Four Months of Follow - up of 187 , 783 Men

men who never smoked. A total of 7,316 deaths occurred among regular cigarette smokers, an excess of 2,665 over the 4,651 that would have occurred had the age-specific death rates for smokers been equal to that for nonsmokers. Coronary disease accounted for 52.1% of the excess; lung cancer accounted for 13.5% and cancer of other sites likewise for 13.5% An extremely high association between cigarette smoking and death rates for men with lung cancer was found in rural areas as well as in large cities. The most important finding of this study was the high degree of association between cigarette smoking and the total death rate. Between Jan. 1 and May 31,1952, information was obtained on the smoking habits of 187,783 white men between the ages of 50 and 69 who were then traced through Oct. 31, 1955. During this period of time, 11,870 of the men died. The total experience covered 667,753 man-years. As described in part 1 of this paper,1 we found that the total death rate (from all causes combined) was much higher among men with a history of regular cigarette smok¬ ing than among men who had never smoked ciga¬ rettes regularly and that the death rate increased with amount of cigarette smoking. Part 2 of this study is concerned with death rates from spe¬ cific causes in relation to smoking. Causes of death